HLA-Associated Viral Mutations Are Common in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Elite Controllers
Open Access
- 1 April 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Journal of Virology
- Vol. 83 (7) , 3407-3412
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02459-08
Abstract
Elite controllers (EC) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) maintain viremia below the limit of detection without antiretroviral treatment. Virus-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes are believed to play a crucial role in viral containment, but the degree of immune imprinting and compensatory mutations in EC is unclear. We obtained plasma gag, pol, and nef sequences from HLA-diverse subjects and found that 30 to 40% of the predefined HLA-associated polymorphic sites show evidence of immune selection pressure in EC, compared to approximately 50% of the sites in chronic progressors. These data indicate ongoing viral replication and escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes are present even in strictly controlled HIV-1 infection.Keywords
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