The Effect of Chlorothiazide (Diuril) on the Intraocular Pressure of Animals and Humans

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Abstract
An oral diuretic, chlorothiazide (6-chloro7-sulf amyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1 - d i o x ide) (Diuril) has been found to be an effective hypotensive agent in cases of arterial hypertension as well as a potent diuretic.1-5 Initially this agent was believed to be a strong inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase in vitro. For this reason the present studies were undertaken to determine its potential ocular hypotensive action. Recent reports have demonstrated that the renal action of chlorothiazide more closely resembles that of mercurial diuretics than that of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.1-5 Experimental Animals Twelve normal pigmented rabbits weighing between 5 and 7 lb. were used to study the effect of intravenously administered chlorothiazide on the intraocular pressure. After topical anesthesia with 0.5% tetracaine (Pontocaine) the initial intraocular pressure was determined. Immediately afterward, chlorothiazide, 30 mg. per kilogram of body weight, was given intravenously. Tonometric readings were then obtained at 30-minute intervals for 3 hours.

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