Effect of polymeric adsorbents on the production of sanguinarine by Papaver somniferum cell cultures

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Abstract
The suitability of adsorbent polymeric resins, Amberlite XAD‐4 and XAD‐7 (Rohm and Hass, Inc.), was investigated for the accumulation of sanguinarine from Papaver somniferum cell cultures. The adsorption and desorption of sanguinarine from aqueous solution was most effective with XAD‐7. In addition to sanguinarine, the resins were found to absorb growth regulators and vitamins from the culture medium. Growth inhibition was overcome by delaying for ∼4 days resin addition after cell inoculation in fresh medium. Resin addition (5% wt/vol) to actively growing uneclicited cultures led to increases in sanguinarine production and release of 30% to 40% and 60%, respectively. The addition of resins to elicited cultures led to increases in alkaloid production of up to 50% to 85% with similar increases in alkaloid release as observed for nonelicited cells. Overall yield of sanguinarine increased from 21 mg · g biomass dry weight−1 (dw) for elicited cultures to more than 39 mg · gdw−1 when elicitation was combined with resin addition. Higher quantities of resin (10% to 20% wt/vol) increased marginally the release of sanguinarine into the medium, and on the resin, up to 85% of total production. The use of resin appears promesing for the development of a bioprocess for sanguinarine production by cultured plant cells. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.