Relation of Daily Mortality to Air Pollution: An Analysis of 14 London Winters, 1958/59–1971/72

Abstract
The relationship between daily deaths and daily concentrations of Smoke and SO2 in London, England for 14 winters during the years 1958–1959 through 1971–1972 has been explored. Three types of analyses were used: (1) year-by-year multiple regression; (2) stratification using nested quartiles of one pollutant within quartiles of the other; and (3) multiple regression of a special subset of high pollution days. An association was found with Smoke, but not with SO2. Whether a linear model with zero threshold or a threshold model best fits could not be determined unambiguously because of a statistical artifact. Reasons for preferring a threshold-type quadratic model are given.

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