EFFECT OF HEMORRHAGE ON GASTRO-INTESTINAL MOTILITY OF DOGS: A GRADIENT OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL MOTILITY

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Abstract
Gastro-intestinal motility was recorded in unanes-thetized dogs with chronic fistulas and in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, morphine-barbiturate, or ether. After a control period, varying amts. of arterial blood were withdrawn in the anesthetized dogs with local procaine infiltration. Following small hemorrhages, which did not affect blood pressure materially, or following larger hemorrhages, which lowered blood pressure considerably, as well as during the period in which blood pressure fell spontaneously towards zero, the following observations were made: Motility of the colon increased in most experiments, notwithstanding whether local or general anesthesia was used. The motility of the stomach, of the gastric antrum and of the small intestines in most expts. either was not changed or was depressed, but there was stimulation of motility in a number of expts., depending on the type of anesthesia employed. The response of the upper gastro-intestinal tract, i.e., stomach and duodenum, showed a decrease of motility in most expts.; the middle part of the gastro-intestinal tract, the ileum, showed little or no effect on motility, whereas in the lowest part of the tract, the colon, a persistent increase in motility was observed. There is thus a distinct gradient effect of depression of motility in the direction of stomach[long dash]small intestine [long dash]large intestine. The type of anesthesia employed, local or general, did not affect this gradient. This mechanism may have homeostatic significance. It is believed that the stimulation of colonic motility by hemorrhage is not due primarily to the drop of systemic blood pressure.

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