The structure and development of the spermatozoon ofDipetalonema viteae(Nematoda: Filarioidea)

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Abstract
The structure and development of the spermatozoon of Dipetalonema viteae has been studied by means of electron microscopy. Spermatogonia are developed from a syncytium in the terminal region of the reproductive tract. The syncytium grows along the length of the testis as an anucleate rachis, carrying with it the developing germ cells. The gametes become detached from the rachis when they have become secondary spermatocytes. The chromosomes which appear in the primary spermatocytes at the onset of meiosis persist throughout all subsequent stages of development. The nucleus is not reconstructed. Cytophores are produced by the spermatids at the end of the second meiotic division. The spermatid is an elongated cell, but the mature spermatozoon, within the male tract, is amoeboid. There are only minor differences between the sperm found in the male and female tracts. The male gametes contain complex membraneous organelles which are developed from the Golgi bodies and endoplasmic reticulum of the primary spermatocytes. These organelles are suggested to have similar origins and functions to the acrosome of the typical mammalian spermatozoon.