Sunset: a hardware-oriented algorithm for lossless compression of gray-scale images

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Abstract
Sunset is a lossless gray scale compression algorithm designed for a simple hardware implementation based on the prediction error context approach for predictive gray-scale compression. Sunset uses adaptive binary arithmetic coding with neighboring prediction error buckets as compact conditioning contexts for directly encoding the prediction error. A prototype card was built to send or receive either compressed or uncompressed images across the IBM PC/AT bus. A special interface was designed to load the memory buffer of a high resolution color display. The result is a component of a workstation prototype for radiologists and the physician who referred the patient. The Sunset approach handles gray scale images where the bits-per-pel precision is simply an input parameter to the algorithm; the compression algorithm itself is relatively insensitive to this parameter. For hardware simplicity, the error bucket (bin) identifier is determined by a leading-one detector (or priority encoder) circuit on the prediction error so the number of prediction error values per bucket is a power of two. The next less significant bits of the prediction error become the ''extra-bits'' which, when encoded, make the algorithm lossless. The number of extra-bits in a final (catch-all) bucket depends on the bits-per-pel parameter of the uncompressed image.

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