Motivation in learning: IX. The effect of interposed obstacles in human learning.

Abstract
The effect of obstacles upon efficiency in learning a punchboard maze was tested in 6 groups of college students. The obstacle group learned the maze in about half the trials and with about half the number of errors as the control group. The critical ratios, based on the data obtained in these experiments with human subjects, and also in those carried out previously with animals, indicate the facilitating effect of an obstacle between the point of choice and the goal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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