A 1 GHz ESR spectrometer for the study of aqueous samples

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Abstract
An electron spin resonance spectrometer is described, operating at 1 GHz. It is designed for use with aqueous samples-static or flowing. Optimum cavity performance is shown to have been achieved, and the spectrometer can detect a minimum of 1.2*1014 spins cm-3 of 0.1 mT linewidth at room temperature, a figure which agrees with the theoretical sensitivity. The cavity size is kept within practical limits by the use of a triplate design, and the size of the flow tube permits mixing of the constituents inside the cavity, giving very good time resolution and the best possible sensitivity.