Abstract
The increase in the incidence of poliomyelitis in upstate New York in 1931, as in the outbreak of 1916, followed closely on an increase in the number of cases occurring in the city of New York. Prior to July 1, 31 cases had been reported in the state, exclusive of the city, and 35 cases in the city. During July there was a marked increase in the number of cases reported in New York City—195 cases during the week ending July 25, 155 of which were in the Borough of Brooklyn, where the 1916 outbreak began. Forty-seven cases were reported during July from the state, exclusive of New York City. It is worthy of note that 40 of these cases were in the counties of the Hudson River valley or on Long Island, sections intimately connected with the city, either by forming parts of the commuting area or by serving

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