Evaluating the performance of multitemporal image compositing algorithms for burned area analysis

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Abstract
The main objective of this study was to compare the adequacy of various multitemporal image compositing algorithms to produce composite images suitable for burned area analysis. Satellite imagery from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) from three different regions (Portugal, central Africa, and South America) were used to compare six algorithms, two of which involve the sequential application of two criteria. Performance of the algorithms was assessed with the Jeffries-Matusita distance, to quantify spectral separability of the burned and unburned classes in the composite images. The ability of the algorithms to avoid the retention of cloud shadows was assessed visually with red-green-blue colour composites, and the level of radiometric speckle in the composite images was quantified with the Moran's I spatial autocorrelation statistic. The commonly used NDVI maximum value compositing procedure was found to be the least appropriate to produce composites to be used for burned area mapping, from all standpoints. The best spectral separability is provided by the minimum channel 2 (m2) compositing approach which has, however, the drawback of retaining cloud shadows. A two-criterion approach which complements m2 with maximization of brightness temperature in a subset of the data (m2M4) is considered the better method.

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