Increasing the Fatigue Strength of Press-Fitted Axle Assemblies by Surface Rolling

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Abstract
This paper presents test data on 2-in. axles showing how fatigue strength in reversed bending is reduced to between one half to one third its value by the mere presence of a press-fitted member and how such a press-fit assembly may be made more than twice as strong by surface rolling the axle at the press-fit seat. Further tests are given to show that increased strength obtained by surface rolling is due principally to strain hardening of the material at the surface of the axle. The weakening action of press fits is due to large stress concentration and rubbing corrosion localized near the ends of the pressed-on hub, and in this respect surface rolling produces a layer of material having a resistance which is considerably increased in the region of this local weakness. Additional data are presented to show that plain cylindrical specimens of the usual 0.3-in. diameter give 10 to 15 per cent increased fatigue strength over that given by specimens about 1 in. in diameter; and to show that there should be no difference in fatigue strength between a cantilever- and a beam-type specimen of the same diameter and of the same steel.

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