The relevant issue is the earliest settlement of the American continent, and though some aspects are unresolved, progress has been achieved in recent years that brings us much closer to the truth. In the wake of new archeological facts there has been a major reassessment of the deep-rooted beliefs of scholars in respect to the time and routes of the first movement from Asia to America. Archeological data obtained by Soviet scientists in Northeastern Asia and by Americans on their own continent now make possible a new approach to the evaluation of the role of relatively late Paleolithic cultures of Northeastern Asia in the subsequent formation of the Paleoindian population and its culture. We shall discuss here primarily the most ancient archeological monuments, which the author is investigating in Kolyma, Kamchatka, and Chukotka, and which may have a bearing on the subject of our article.