The Atomic Distribution in the Allotropic Forms of Phosphorus at Different Temperatures

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Abstract
Monochromatic x‐ray diffraction patterns of liquid yellow phosphorus, amorphous red phosphorus and amorphous black phosphorus were obtained, using Mo Kα radiation. The effect of temperature upon these patterns was investigated for the first two forms. Analysis of these patterns led to the determination of the atomic distribution curves in each case. The number of nearest neighbors is three for all forms. This is taken as direct proof of the existence of P4 molecules in liquid yellow phosphorus. Comparisons are made of the atomic distribution curves of each form and at the different temperatures for liquid yellow and amorphous red phosphorus.