Triiodothyronine rapidly stimulates mitochondrial respiration in isolated hepatocytes.

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Abstract
Isolated hepatocytes from euthyroid or hypothyroid (thyroidectomized) rats showed a 20 to 30% stimulation of respiratory activity when treated with triiodothyronine (T3). Maximal stimulation was obtained in the presence of the uncoupler carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) suggesting a direct effect on the respiratory chain. Physiological concentrations of T3 (10-11-10-9) induced maximal stimulation after a short incubation (75% of maximum in 3 mm) and the effect persisted for over 1 h of incubation. Mitochondria, rapidly isolated from T3-treated hepatocytes, retained stimulated respiratory activity in both coupled and uncoupled states. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the mitochondrion is a primary target for thyroid hormones, and the present system appears to be suitable for the systematic investigation of these effects.

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