Glaucescin, a Bacteriocin-like Substance from Streptomyces glaucescens

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Abstract
S. glaucescens ETH 22794 produced a variety of antibiotic substances. Besides low MW antibiotics like hydroxystreptomycin and the tetracenomycins, this strain excreted glaucescin, a high MW product with bacteriocin-like properties. In plate tests the antagonism of glaucescin against S. canadiensis was masked by the large inhibition zone caused by the tetracenomycins. Glaucescin activity was revealed when a tetracenomycin-resistant mutant of S. canadiensis NRRL 3155 was used as an indicator. Glaucescin was produced on complex and minimal solid and liquid media. It was not inducible by mitomycin C. The killing activity of glaucescin was thermolabile and resistant to DNase, RNase, various proteinases, and lipase. Its apparent MW was estimated as 196,000 by gel filtration and glycerol gradient centrifugation. Glaucescin preferentially killed outgrowing spores of S. canadiensis. Resting spores and mycelium were considerably less sensitive to the inhibitor, and adsorption of glaucescin by S. canadiensis paralleled sensitivity. The activity spectrum of the bacteriocin was restricted to spore-forming Actinomycetales. Non spore-forming nocardiae and a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were resistant to glaucescin.

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