Plugging of the xylem vessel of barley induced by a high molecular weight phytotoxic glycoprotein from Rhynchosporium secalis

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Abstract
Small concentrations of a high molecular weight phytotoxic glycoprotein obtained from culture filtrates of Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis induced chlorosis and necrosis in barley; these symptoms were similar to those observed during the final stages of disease caused by this pathogen in naturally infected barley leaves. Histochemical studies indicated that cells of leaf tissues treated with the glycoprotein became disorganized. We observed changes such as the collapse of epidermal anticlinal walls, tissue necrosis, and plugging of xylem vessels. Histochemical and immunofluorescent techniques that localized the glycoprotein toxin indicated that, at least in part, the plugging results from a plant response stimulated by the toxic glycoprotein.
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