Plasmid encoded multi-drug resistance inSalmonella typhifrom Pakistan

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Abstract
Twenty-five isolates of Salmonella typhi made from cases of typhoid fever during 1990–1991 in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, were examined. All isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim, but were sensitive to nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime and cefotaxime. A single large 98 MDa plasmid was identified in all the isolates. The plasmid was self-transferable and encoded resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Restriction endonuclease analysis patterns after EcoRI and HindIII digestion of the 98 MDa multi-drug resistance plasmids from each of the S. typhi isolates and transconjugants were the same.