XXXV.—The Development of the Auditory Ossicles in the Horse, with a Note on their possible Homologues in the Lower Vertebrata

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Abstract
The discussion as to the homologies existing between the sound-conducting apparatus of the mammalia and certain elements of the lower jaw and branchial skeleton of fishes has occupied the attention of numerous authors. In fact the question may be considered as a classic, dating as it does to at least 1778, when Geoffry published his Dissertations sur l'organe de l'ouie de l'homme, des reptiles, et des poissons. From that time until 1898—from Geoffry to Gaupp—the contributions to the literature upon this subject constituted an enormous amount. Inasmuch as Gaupp has given a detailed and masterly review of the literature up to the time of his work (1898), and since Fuchs thoroughly covered the ground seven years later, I shall not undertake that task in the present communication. Moreover, as this paper is in the nature of a preliminary report upon the entire developmental history of the skull in the horse, I shall not here review in detail the contributions to the literature since the time of Fuchs' account (1905)

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