Atomic de Broglie waveguides and integrated atom-optics using permanent magnets

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Abstract
A method for creating miniature quadrupole traps for atoms is proposed. The method uses pairs of micro-fabricated dipole magnets to create a quadrupole field for trapping atoms in two dimensions while allowing free propagation in the third. When the dimensions of the trap are comparable with the de Broglie wavelengths of the atoms, the device becomes an atom waveguide. In this paper we discuss the properties of the magnetic dipoles, methods for their manufacture and present the de Broglie wave modes of an example waveguide. The method can be extended to create many different atom-optical devices on a substrate leading to the possibility of monolithic, integrated atom-optics devices.