Atmospheric attenuation of explosion waves

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Abstract
Observations of sound attenuation in the out of doors have shown an attenuation factor approximately dependent on the five-fourths power of frequency, rather than the square. Both power laws have been applied to calculations of yield-scalable pressure signatures from explosions to allow comparison of results with measurements of explosion-wave compression rise times. It appears that the five-fourths law better explains the long rise times observed, but there are still serious underpredictions. Nevertheless, this model has been applied to the problem of determining the requirements for pressure-gauge frequency response. At the low overpressures of concern in environmental monitoring, it appears that a 1-kHz instrument response is more than adequate for recording explosion waves.

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