THE EFFECTS OF HISTAMINE, FORMALDEHYDE AND ANAPHYLAXIS UPON THE RESPONSES TO ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF GUINEA-PIG INTESTINAL MUSCLE

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Abstract
The responses of guinea pig intestinal muscle to induction shocks were studied as affected by histamine, anaphylaxis, and formaldehyde added to the bath surrounding the muscle. Amounts of the substance employed, too small to cause changes of tonus, resulted in a changed magnitude of response to electrical stimuli. It could not be established whether the threshold to shocks actually changed, but the responses to shocks above threshold were increased by histamine and homologous protein, and decreased by formaldehyde. When the muscle was shortened by a larger dose of the chemical, the further shortening resulting from electrical stimulation was decreased proportionally, but only by large doses was the threshold shock strength materially altered. By an apparatus that partially differentiated between the records of longitudinal and circular muscle contraction, the circular muscle was observed to have in general the higher threshold to shocks passed through both layers, its latent period was longer, and it was affected by the chemicals in smaller amounts than was the longitudinal.

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