Comments and Findings about Rotations

Abstract
While many studies have dealt with the phenomenon of rotation, there has been a lack of agreement as to its clinical significance. Failure to control for paper rotations, card rotations, and perceptual rotation may have been responsible for the diversity of findings. Whereas there has been general agreement that a rotation per se is significant, there has been disagreement as to how many degrees a design must be rotated before it attains significance. These problems, as well as those of rationale, are discussed. Recent findings, which controlled for the various types of rotation and used a progressive empirical index of the degrees of rotation for psychiatric and psychological diagnostic groups, are presented.