EFFECTS OF PHENAMIPHOS, METHYL-BROMIDE, AND FALLOWING ON PRATYLENCHUS-PENETRANS, YIELD OF MEDICAGO-SATIVA, AND FUSARIUM INFECTIONS

  • 1 January 1979
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 11  (3) , 265-269
Abstract
A field study was made of the effects of a residual nematicide (phenamiphos), a fumigant (methyl bromide), and fallowing on the number of root lesion nematodes (P. penetrans), forage yields of alfalfa, and the occurrence of Fusarium spp. in plant roots and soil. Fallowing controlled nematodes initially, but by the end of the second growing season, nematode numbers were as high as in plots which had grown a nematode-susceptible crop. Forage yield was greater in fallowed plots only for the 1st cut in the year after seeding. Fusarium in alfalfa roots and soil was not reduced by fallowing. Phenamiphos reduced nematode numbers, increased forage yields in 2 of 4 yr, and reduced Fusarium infections of taproots. Soil fumigation with methyl bromide gave the best control of nematodes and Fusarium and gave significantly higher forage yields for the 4 yr of study following fumigation. The 34% increase in alfalfa yield from fumigated plots over the 4 yr indicates that the yield of alfalfa is being reduced significantly by microorganisms. The study does not establish the relative contributions of the root lesion nematodes and Fusarium spp. to the reduction.

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