Combination of Intraischemic and Postischemic Hypothermia Provides Potent and Persistent Neuroprotection Against Temporary Focal Ischemia in Rats

Abstract
Background and Purpose—It is not known whether a combination of intraischemic and postischemic mild hypothermia provides extra neuroprotection and if so, whether the neuroprotection is persistent. Methods—Sixty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were used. In group 1, ischemia and reperfusion were performed under normothermic (N) conditions (control, N-N). In group 2, ischemia was induced and maintained under hypothermic conditions (33°C for 2 hours) and reperfusion was performed under normothermic conditions, H-N. In group 3, both ischemia and reperfusion were performed under hypothermic conditions for an additional 21 hours after the surgery, H-22H. In group 4, ischemia was induced and maintained under hypothermic conditions and reperfusion was performed under hypothermic conditions only for the initial 3 hours (H-3H). In group 5, ischemia was induced and maintained under normothermic conditions and reperfusion was performed under hypothermic conditions (33°C) (N-22H). All rats were perfused 48 hours after the i...

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