The Effect of Acute and Chronic Administration of Morphine and Morphine Withdrawal on Intestinal Transit Time in the Rat

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Abstract
The effects of acute and chronic morphine administration and of morphine-withdrawal on intestinal transit time of a liquid meal were investigated using rats. Many experiments have assessed the effects of acute morphine administration on intestinal transit, but the intestinal effects of chronic morphine administration have been neglected. Our results showed no significant differences between morphine-dependent and control animals when assessing the leading edge of the liquid meal infusion, its distribution and geometric centre (G.C.). However, during naloxone-precipitated withdrawal from morphine, the leading edge of the infusion and its G.C. were significantly distal to values obtained from other groups. Acute morphine administration caused delayed intestinal transit of a meal infusion, an effect partly caused by significant retention of the infusion in the stomach and duodenum. The leading edge of the meal infusion and G.C. were significantly proximal to values obtained from other groups of animals. The results show that morphine-dependent rats develop complete tolerance to the delayed intestinal transit of a meal observed after acute morphine administration and that withdrawal from morphine accelerates intestinal transit of a liquid meal.