Comparison of North and South American biomes from AVHRR observations

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Abstract
Previous analysis of the North American continent with AVHRR‐derived vegetation index measurements showed a strong relation between known patterns of vegetation seasonality, productivity and the spectral vegetation index measurements. This study extends that analysis to South America to evaluate the degree to which thesefindings extend to tropical regions. The results show that the spectral vegetation index measurements provide a general indicator of vegetation activity across the major biomes of the western hemisphere of the Earth, including tropical regions. The satellite‐observed patterns are strongly related to the known climatology of the continents and may offer a means to improve understanding of global bioclimatology. For example, South America is shown to have a longer growing season with much earlier spring green‐up than North America. The time integral of the measurements, computed from 12 composited monthly values, produces a value that is related to published net primary productivity data. However, limited net primary production data does not allow complete evaluation of satellite‐observed contrasts between North and South American biomes. These results suggest that satellite‐derived spectral vegetation index measurements are of great potential value in improving knowledge of the Earth's biosphere.