The CD154/CD40 Interaction Required for Retrovirus-Induced Murine Immunodeficiency Syndrome Is Not Mediated by Upregulation of the CD80/CD86 Costimulatory Molecules

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Abstract
C57BL/6 (B6) mice infected with LP-BM5 retroviruses develop disease, including an immunodeficiency similar to AIDS. This disease, murine AIDS (MAIDS), is inhibited by in vivo anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody treatment. The similar levels of insusceptibility of CD40 −/− and CD154 −/− B6 mice indicate that CD154/CD40 molecular interactions are required for MAIDS. CD4 + T and B cells, respectively, provide the CD154 and CD40 expression needed for MAIDS induction. Here, the required CD154/CD40 interaction is shown to be independent of CD80 and CD86 expression: CD80/CD86 −/− B6 mice develop MAIDS after LP-BM5 infection.