Remodeling of Human Coronary Arteries Undergoing Coronary Angioplasty or Atherectomy

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Abstract
Background Recently, long-term constriction of the vessel has been suggested as an alternative mechanism of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Methods and Results To understand remodeling of human coronary arteries undergoing coronary angioplasty or atherectomy, serial intravascular ultrasonographic examinations were performed at preintervention and postintervention examinations and at 24 hours, 1 month, and 6 months. Complete serial data were obtained in 61 lesions (balloon angioplasty, 35 lesions; directional atherectomy, 26 lesions). Lumen area improved from 6.81±2.24 mm2 after intervention to 8.22±2.79 mm2 at 1 month (P=.0001) and decreased to 4.88±2.86 mm2 at 6 months (P=.0001). Vessel area enlarged from 17.32±5.35 mm2 after intervention to 19.39±5.33 mm2 at 1 month (P=.0001) and decreased to 16.33±5.54 mm2 at 6 months (P=.0001). Plaque+media area increased significantly from postintervention examination to 24 hours (10.51±4.38 versus 10.96±4.49 mm2, P=.0008) and from 24 hours to 6 months (10.96±...

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