Tenodesis Versus Carbon Fiber Repair of Ankle Ligaments

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Abstract
To compare the clinical and functional outcomes after using different reconstruction methods for chronic ankle instability, the authors followed 2 groups of patients after 69 and 72 months, respectively. Thirty patients (mean age, 28; range, 23-39 years) were treated with modified Evans tenodesis. Twenty-three patients (mean age, 32.2; range, 22-39 years) underwent total replacement of the lateral ankle ligaments by carbon fibers. The protocol of the retrospective study included a questionnaire, clinical examination, radiographic stress diagnostics, and gait analysis with use of the EMED-SF system. Dorsiflexion and inversion were significantly restricted after tenodesis in contrast to the carbon fiber replacement. Although radiographic stability was improved after surgery for both groups, progress of the arthrosis could not be stopped. After tenodesis, the measurement of plantar pressure distribution revealed a 20% increase of midfoot loading as compared with the opposite foot, whereas symmetrical loading of both feet was found after carbon fiber replacement. Additionally, the tenodesis feet had a significantly increased loading of the medial side of the foot. It was concluded that tenodesis and anatomic reconstruction of ankle ligaments lead to subjectively similar results. Foot function and range of motion, however, were less influenced after anatomic repair.