Reinforced Concrete Frames in Fire Environments

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Abstract
In modeling the fire response of reinforced concrete frame structures, the heat flow problem was separated from the structural analysis and two computer programs were written for solving the separate problems. Both programs account for the temperature dependence of the thermal and mechanical properties of materials; the structural analysis accounts for the degradation of concrete and steel through cracking, crushing, spalling, and yielding. FIRES-T (Fire Response of Structures — Thermal) evaluates the thermal response of reinforced concrete elements using a nonlinear finite element approach coupled with time step integration. Using the thermal histories predicted by FIRES-T, FIRES-RC (Fire Response of Structures — Reinforced Concrete Frames) evaluates the structural response of reinforced concrete frames by a nonlinear, direct stiffness method coupled with time step integration. An iterative approach is used within time steps to find deformed shapes which result in equilibrium between forces associated with external load and internal stresses and degradation.

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