Quantitative Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Hydrocarbons with Capillary Columns and Flame Ionization Detector. IV. Principle of a New Splitting System

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Abstract
Most of the best known bypass systems, and perhaps all without exception, tend to distort the concentrations of the components in the sample. This becomes particularly evident if the boiling range of the sample is broad. The reasons for the distortion and means to eliminate the phenomenon are shown, and principle and practice of a new improved splitting system is described. In addition, the importance of the sample injection system and of the bypass way are discussed. The efficiency of the new system is demonstrated by analyzing a mixture of straight chain paraffins C7 to C16, using varying splitting ratios, temperatures, and flow rates. The relative error in quantitative analyses under these conditions is smaller than 1 percent. The relative response of the measured compounds in a flame ionization detector (FID) equals unity if the absolute response is related to the weight. This is shown measuring the absolute vapour pressure of the compounds by means of a FID without column and splitter, as well as determining the relative response values by the usual gas chromatographic analysis.

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