The State of the Art of Ligand-Loaded Complexing Resins. Characteristics and Applications

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Abstract
This review deals with the most recent investigations on the preparation, characterization, and metal sorption properties of ligand-loaded resins obtained by modification of conventional anion-exchange resins and nonionic sorbents with complexing organic reagents. These resins display a selectivity for metal ions that can be applied for the separation and/or preconcentration of metal ions off-line as well as in on-line techniques. In addition, the increasing application in recent years of new functional-modified resins in certain growing scientific areas, namely, electrochemistry, optical-fiber sensors, pharmaceuticals, biochemistry, etc., is discussed. Finally, the immobilization of chelating reagents in types of supports other than conventional resins is also considered.