Biologically active substances of the mast cell

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Abstract
The mast cells have been shown to contain a number of biologically active substances, some of which may contribute to the various phases of the inflammatory reaction. The present article deals with an evaluation of the potential role of the products of the mast cell metabolism in inflammation in general and in gingivitis in particular. In order for the various substances contained within the mast cells to act, they must be liberated into the connective tissue by degranulation of the cells. Among the released substances, histamine, proteolytic‐esterolytic enzymes, “slow reacting substance”, lysolecithins and heparin have been related to the development and course of inflammation in humans. Other factors, including, serotonin, unsaturated fatty acids and β‐glucaronidase, seem to be of minor importance. The functions of the mast cell ascorbic acid, and phosphatases are not known.