Charging effects of a single quantum level in a box

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Abstract
Resonant tunneling through a quantum-box level is investigated in terms of nonequilibrium Green’s functions. A Hamiltonian with a Hubbard-type term, accounting for charging effects in the box, is proposed. Besides the resonance-level feature in the current-voltage characteristic, a satellite feature appears due to charging effects. A tuning between the two features is found by varying the tunneling rates through the emitter and the collector barriers; this provides a method for distinguishing charging effects from lateral-confinement effects.