Abstract
Taxonomy faces exciting challenges and opportunities to meet the demand for an ever more profound understanding of the diversity of life, how it developed, and the impact of human activity on the variety and distribution of biodiversity. Fundamental to the development of taxonomy are the rapidly expanding fields of high-throughput DNA sequencing, automated digital data gathering, and biodiversity informatics. Although an ever-expanding repertoire of theoretical and practical tools is available to taxonomists, there will have to be substantial, even radical, changes in how taxonomy is done in order to fully exploit these opportunities. It is widely acknowledged that for taxonomists “business as usual,” even if scaled up, is simply not an option.

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