Some Factors Influencing the Stability of Piston-Type Control Valves

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Abstract
The reaction force on an open, spool-type, control valve acts in such a direction as to close the valve. For this reason a four-way valve, having its closed position at the centre of its stroke, can overshoot if the reaction force imparts sufficient energy to it during closure. If there is insufficient damping on the spool a continuous oscillation may arise and the present work investigates the dynamic behaviour of a common type of hydraulic position-control system in which such an oscillation has been found to occur. Good agreement is obtained between the predicted and experimental minimum amplitudes and frequencies of oscillation and also between the theoretical and measured pressure fluctuations in the system. A graphical solution of the equation of motion of the system is included in the results and with the aid of ‘Describing Functions’ the approximate dynamic behaviour of the system considered may be derived.

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