Prognostic Value of Cardiac Risk Factors and Coronary Artery Calcium Screening for All-Cause Mortality

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Abstract
PURPOSE: To develop risk-adjusted multivariable models that included risk factors and coronary calcium scores determined with electron-beam computed tomography (CT) in asymptomatic patients for the prediction of all-cause mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We followed up a cohort of 10,377 asymptomatic individuals undergoing cardiac risk factor evaluation and coronary calcium screening with electron-beam CT. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were developed to predict all-cause mortality. Risk-adjusted models incorporated traditional risk factors for coronary disease and coronary calcium scores. RESULTS: Cardiac risk factors such as family history of coronary disease (69%), hypercholesterolemia (62%), hypertension (44%), smoking (40%), and diabetes (9%) were prevalent. The frequency of coronary calcium scores was 57%, 20%, 14%, 6%, and 3% for scores of 10 or less, 11–100, 101–400, 401–1,000, and greater than 1,000, respectively. During a mean follow-up of 5.0 years ± 0.0086 (standard error of th...

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