Tunable asymmetrical Fano resonance and bistability in a microcavity-resonator-coupled Mach–Zehnder interferometer

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Abstract
We propose a simple microresonator scheme for a Mach–Zehnder interferometer in which a microresonator is side coupled to one arm and a phase shifter is introduced into the other arm, to produce an asymmetric Fano-resonance line shape. In this system, a phase shifter is used to control the variation of the asymmetric line shape, with another reverse resonance next to a resonance minimum over a very narrow frequency range, which results from the interference between a direct channel and a high-Q resonance indirect channel. We also theoretically investigate the novel bistability characteristic based on these shapes.