Continuum orbitals, complex scaling problem, and the extended virial theorem

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Abstract
A complex scale transformation of the time-independent Schrödinger equation leads to a symmetric eigenvalue problem containing both bound states and resonance (complex) eigenvalues as solutions. An extended virial theorem is stated, and its necessary fulfillment is pointed out. The latter, in conjunction with a symmetric stationary principle, allows for determination of resonance (complex) eigenvalues by means of elementary matrix manipulations. Application to the Stark effect in the hydrogen atom shows agreement with previous calculations based on numerical integration.