Comparative investigation of alloplastic materials for hernia repair with improved methodology

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Abstract
A variety of alloplastic materials are used for hernia repair. We discuss the long-term stability and possible shrinkage of these materials. In the past, measurement of pore sizes was used to study the physical properties of alloplastic meshes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement of pore sizes with regard to its correlation to possible mesh alteration. The water absorption of different polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PE) mesh materials under defined conditions was studied. For shrinkage studies, meshes were stored in formaldehyde, distilled water, saline solution, trypsin solution, urea solution, and hydrogen peroxide. The measurement of the relation between material and pore was evaluated to investigate the potential shrinking and enlargement processes. This material-pore index (MPI) before as well as 1, 7, and 14 days after incubation was measured. In comparison to measuring single pore sizes, MPI determination is the more efficient method to evaluate the possible shrinking or enlargement processes of alloplastic materials. With this technique, incorrect determination of pore sizes due to the dynamic textile structure of meshes and to shrinkage or enlargement, is excluded. All tested alloplastic materials showed an insignificant increase in water absorption under the condition of rehydration up to 0.4%. We did not observe variances in the material in shrinking or enlargement. MPI was found to be more reliable than measuring single pores to investigate possible external influences on polymer materials. Biomaterials such as PP and PE proved to be absolutely inert under various in vitro conditions.