Negative Surges in the Meghna Estuary in Bangladesh

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Abstract
Negative surges destroy coastal aquaculture installations and hinder rescue–evacuation operations during cyclones and storm surges in the Meghna estuary in Bangladesh. The influence of the characteristics of the cyclones striking the Noakhali–Chittagong–Cox’s Bazar coast on the negative surges in the Meghna estuary is examined. This study uses a (1/120)° resolution numerical model, which includes the offshore islands and bathymetric details of the worst-affected northernmost part of the Meghna estuary. The model was verified by the observed data of official agencies like the Bangladesh Department of Hydrography. The negative surges in the Meghna estuary are found to have a duration of 4–6 h, occurring before the main surge. The negative surges in the region show remarkable sensitivity to the astronomical tides and to the propagation path of a cyclone. The mechanism of negative surges in the Meghna estuary is also discussed.

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