Improved methods for space-charge calculations in electron-beam analysis programs

Abstract
A new method for the evaluation of steady-state space-charge distributions in electron-beam devices is presented, for use in numerical-analysis computer programs. Its features include simplicity of implementation and improved accuracy. These characteristics are illustrated by various electron-flow systems. The difficulty of convergence to the steady-state solution for systems incorporating strong magnetic fields is demonstrated and a method of overcoming it is suggested.

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