EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SLIPPED CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

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Abstract
From a review of the literature on the epidemiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis it is concluded that the incidence is greatest in males around the ages of 12 to 15 years and in the females at about the ages of 10 to 13 years, that males are more susceptible than females, that the incidence is greater in Blacks than in whites, that in many localities symptoms are more likely to begin in spring and summer than in fall and winter, that familial aggregation of cases occurs more often than would be expected by chance, that the left hip is affected more frequently than the right in males but not in females, that children with slipped epiphysis are usually overweight, that there is a slight tendency for them to be tall for their age, and that they tend to have undergone slower-than-average skeletal maturation. There is some suggestion that members of low socioeconomic classes are more likely to be affected than those in higher classes, and that incidence is highest in the Midwestern, Middle Atlantic, and Southeastern states, and lowest in the Mountain and Great Plains states. Most of these risk factors have been found to play a role in either decreasing the strength of the epiphyseal plate or in increasing the amount of shearing stress to which the plate is subjected at the time it is most vulnerable.

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