Some Observations on Chip Curl in the Metal-Cutting Process Under Orthogonal Cutting Conditions

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Abstract
An experimental study of the phenomenon of chip curl is made. It was found that transient behavior of the chip curvature was independent of cutting speed. Evidence is offered to show that chip curl originates in the shear region. Numerous hypotheses were made to explain the curl and were examined. It appears that the chip curl is associated with thermal effects in the shear region.