Growth strains and losses in Nb−diffused LiTaO3 optical film waveguides

Abstract
We have observed the formation of growth strains due to interfacial dislocations in thin films made by the diffusion of niobium into LiTaO3. These dislocations become significant for films wherein Δn 0≳0.01; their effect is to increase the scattering loss of the optical guided waves in the film.