Synthesis of HC toxin and related cyclopeptides containing the (L‐Ala‐D‐Ala‐L‐Ada‐D‐Pro) sequence

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Abstract
In studies leading to HC toxin synthesis, a phytotoxic cyclic tetrapeptide with the sequence cyclo (L‐Ala‐D‐Ala‐L‐Aoe‐D‐Pro), we have determined optimal conditions for the cyclization which constitutes one of the most important steps in the synthesis of the toxin. All four possible sequences containing an optically active precursor, i.e. L‐Ada = (2 S)‐2‐amino‐9‐decenoic acid instead of Aoe, have been prepared and subjected to cyclization. Owing to the differences in racemization risk during activation of the terminal carboxyl aminoacid different cyclization procedures have been applied. Cyclopeptide yields and selectivity between cyclomonomer and dimer both containing the title sequence are mainly controlled by the linear precursor sequence. The cyclic tetrapeptide is only obtained with D‐proline in the C‐terminal position, the best yield reached by the ‐ONSu activation method. Starting from the peptide, the (9S, 9R) HC toxin epimer on the epoxidic carbon atom has been further synthesized in two steps.