Morphology-structure-property relationships in ultraquenched poly(vinylidene fluoride)

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Abstract
Ultraquenching of thin films (∼1000 Å) was used to obtain glassy poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2). Electron microscopy indicates the glass has no structure larger than 20 Å. Electron diffraction indicates crystallization forms from the glass at ∼−30 °C into β form. Rapid crystallization from the glass results in the development of a nodular, microcrystalline morphology which can be changed only by annealing above Tα. Thick films (∼80 μm) could not be ultraquenched to the glass; ultraquenching results in α form crystals in the bulk and β form on the surface. These thicker films were characterized by x‐ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry.