Helium Virus S and Y--Two New Viruses from Commercially Grown Helenium Hybrids

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Abstract
A carlavirus and a potyvirus were isolated from commercially grown H. amarum hybrids showing typical symptoms of virus infection. The carlavirus, for which the name Helenium virus S (HelVS) is proposed, has slightly curved particles with a normal length of 640 nm and a sedimentation coefficient of 160 S. Its UV-absorption spectrum has a maximum at 255 nm and a minimum at 238 nm. The ratio of Amax/Amin is about 1.2. In sap from infected Chenopodium quinoa HelVS has a thermal inactivation point of 60-65.degree. C and an infectivity dilution endpoint of 10-4-10-5. In the cytoplasm of infected cells typical aggregates of virus particles were arranged in parallel and accumulations of endoplasmic reticulum together with ribosomes and scattered virus particles were found. Serologically, HelVS is related to carnation latent, chrysanthemum B and potato M viruses. The MW of its protein subunit is 31,000. The potyvirus, for which the name Helenium virus Y (HelVY) is proposed, has flexuous particles with a normal length of 721 nm. In sap from C. quinoa it has a thermal inactivation point of 55-60.degree. C and an infectivity dilution endpoint of 10-4. Helenium virus Y induces typical pinwheels, bundles and laminate inclusions. Serologically, it shows some relationship with bean yellow mosaic, lettuce mosaic, and potato Y viruses.

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