Gingival State and Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Abstract
Two hundred and ninety patients were examined lor gingival pathosis. One hundred and twenty in this group were studied by means of the classical glucose tolerance test; the remianing 170 by means of the cortisone-glucose tolerance technique. Only the 1- and 2-hour determinations with the cortisone procedure showed significant differences of the means of the patients with and without gingival pathosis. Specifically, the group with gingival disease had a significantly higher mean blood glucose level. An analysis of variance disclosed significant differences fasting, and 2 and 3 hours with the classical tolerance test and the 30 minute and the 2- and 3-hour determinations with the cortisone test. A paired group study was also done on the basis of age and sex. In the paired analysis, only the 1 and 2 hour determinations with the cortisone technique showed a significant difference of the means, with the group with gingival disease showing higher mean scores. An anlysis of the significance of the variance in the paired group disclosed significant differences fasting and 2 and 3 hours with the classical tolerance test and the 30 minute and 2-hour determinations with the cortisone technique. It appears that there are only a few significant relationships between gingival state when one views the problem dichotomously (hyper- versus normoglycemia or diabetes mellitus versus no diabetes mellitus). However, viewed trichotomously (hyper-, normo-, and hypoglycemia), the results are much more differenct and meaningful. In fact, there appears to be a distinct correlation between gingival state and carbohydrate metabolism.

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